Based on high-throughput qPCR (HT-qPCR) quantitative detection technology, genes related to biogeochemical cycles such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur were quantitatively studied. The carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur functional gene chip contains 72 pairs of primers, targeting 64 functional genes related to carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur and methane metabolism and 1 16S rRNA gene of microorganisms. The carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur functional gene chip has the advantages of high throughput, low sample volume, low cost, short cycle and simple operation, and can be widely applied to various types of samples. Determining the abundance of microbial functional properties in nutrient transformation, including carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur, is of great significance for the comprehensive study of microbial-mediated ecological processes and biogeochemical cycles in various environmental contexts, including current global change.